# Copyright 2025 Alibaba Z-Image Team and The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import inspect
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Union

import torch
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, PreTrainedModel

from diffusers.image_processor import PipelineImageInput, VaeImageProcessor
from diffusers.loaders import FromSingleFileMixin, ZImageLoraLoaderMixin
from diffusers.models.autoencoders import AutoencoderKL
from diffusers.models.transformers import ZImageTransformer2DModel
from diffusers.pipelines.pipeline_utils import DiffusionPipeline
from diffusers.pipelines.z_image.pipeline_output import ZImagePipelineOutput
from diffusers.schedulers import FlowMatchEulerDiscreteScheduler
from diffusers.utils import logging, replace_example_docstring
from diffusers.utils.torch_utils import randn_tensor


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)  # pylint: disable=invalid-name

EXAMPLE_DOC_STRING = """
    Examples:
        ```py
        >>> import torch
        >>> from pipeline_z_image_differential_img2img import ZImageDifferentialImg2ImgPipeline
        >>> from diffusers.utils import load_image

        >>> pipe = ZImageDifferentialImg2ImgPipeline.from_pretrained("Z-a-o/Z-Image-Turbo", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16)
        >>> pipe.to("cuda")

        >>> init_image = load_image(
        >>>     "https://github.com/exx8/differential-diffusion/blob/main/assets/input.jpg?raw=true",
        >>> )

        >>> mask = load_image(
        >>>     "https://github.com/exx8/differential-diffusion/blob/main/assets/map.jpg?raw=true",
        >>> )

        >>> prompt = "painting of a mountain landscape with a meadow and a forest, meadow background, anime countryside landscape, anime nature wallpap, anime landscape wallpaper, studio ghibli landscape, anime landscape, mountain behind meadow, anime background art, studio ghibli environment, background of flowery hill, anime beautiful peace scene, forrest background, anime scenery, landscape background, background art, anime scenery concept art"

        >>> image = pipe(
        ...     prompt,
        ...     image=init_image,
        ...     mask_image=mask,
        ...     strength=0.75,
        ...     num_inference_steps=9,
        ...     guidance_scale=0.0,
        ...     generator=torch.Generator("cuda").manual_seed(41),
        ... ).images[0]
        >>> image.save("image.png")
        ```
"""


# Copied from diffusers.pipelines.flux.pipeline_flux.calculate_shift
def calculate_shift(
    image_seq_len,
    base_seq_len: int = 256,
    max_seq_len: int = 4096,
    base_shift: float = 0.5,
    max_shift: float = 1.15,
):
    m = (max_shift - base_shift) / (max_seq_len - base_seq_len)
    b = base_shift - m * base_seq_len
    mu = image_seq_len * m + b
    return mu


# Copied from diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion.pipeline_stable_diffusion_img2img.retrieve_latents
def retrieve_latents(
    encoder_output: torch.Tensor, generator: torch.Generator | None = None, sample_mode: str = "sample"
):
    if hasattr(encoder_output, "latent_dist") and sample_mode == "sample":
        return encoder_output.latent_dist.sample(generator)
    elif hasattr(encoder_output, "latent_dist") and sample_mode == "argmax":
        return encoder_output.latent_dist.mode()
    elif hasattr(encoder_output, "latents"):
        return encoder_output.latents
    else:
        raise AttributeError("Could not access latents of provided encoder_output")


# Copied from diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion.pipeline_stable_diffusion.retrieve_timesteps
def retrieve_timesteps(
    scheduler,
    num_inference_steps: Optional[int] = None,
    device: Optional[Union[str, torch.device]] = None,
    timesteps: Optional[List[int]] = None,
    sigmas: Optional[List[float]] = None,
    **kwargs,
):
    r"""
    Calls the scheduler's `set_timesteps` method and retrieves timesteps from the scheduler after the call. Handles
    custom timesteps. Any kwargs will be supplied to `scheduler.set_timesteps`.

    Args:
        scheduler (`SchedulerMixin`):
            The scheduler to get timesteps from.
        num_inference_steps (`int`):
            The number of diffusion steps used when generating samples with a pre-trained model. If used, `timesteps`
            must be `None`.
        device (`str` or `torch.device`, *optional*):
            The device to which the timesteps should be moved to. If `None`, the timesteps are not moved.
        timesteps (`List[int]`, *optional*):
            Custom timesteps used to override the timestep spacing strategy of the scheduler. If `timesteps` is passed,
            `num_inference_steps` and `sigmas` must be `None`.
        sigmas (`List[float]`, *optional*):
            Custom sigmas used to override the timestep spacing strategy of the scheduler. If `sigmas` is passed,
            `num_inference_steps` and `timesteps` must be `None`.

    Returns:
        `Tuple[torch.Tensor, int]`: A tuple where the first element is the timestep schedule from the scheduler and the
        second element is the number of inference steps.
    """
    if timesteps is not None and sigmas is not None:
        raise ValueError("Only one of `timesteps` or `sigmas` can be passed. Please choose one to set custom values")
    if timesteps is not None:
        accepts_timesteps = "timesteps" in set(inspect.signature(scheduler.set_timesteps).parameters.keys())
        if not accepts_timesteps:
            raise ValueError(
                f"The current scheduler class {scheduler.__class__}'s `set_timesteps` does not support custom"
                f" timestep schedules. Please check whether you are using the correct scheduler."
            )
        scheduler.set_timesteps(timesteps=timesteps, device=device, **kwargs)
        timesteps = scheduler.timesteps
        num_inference_steps = len(timesteps)
    elif sigmas is not None:
        accept_sigmas = "sigmas" in set(inspect.signature(scheduler.set_timesteps).parameters.keys())
        if not accept_sigmas:
            raise ValueError(
                f"The current scheduler class {scheduler.__class__}'s `set_timesteps` does not support custom"
                f" sigmas schedules. Please check whether you are using the correct scheduler."
            )
        scheduler.set_timesteps(sigmas=sigmas, device=device, **kwargs)
        timesteps = scheduler.timesteps
        num_inference_steps = len(timesteps)
    else:
        scheduler.set_timesteps(num_inference_steps, device=device, **kwargs)
        timesteps = scheduler.timesteps
    return timesteps, num_inference_steps


class ZImageDifferentialImg2ImgPipeline(DiffusionPipeline, ZImageLoraLoaderMixin, FromSingleFileMixin):
    r"""
    The ZImage pipeline for image-to-image generation.

    Args:
        scheduler ([`FlowMatchEulerDiscreteScheduler`]):
            A scheduler to be used in combination with `transformer` to denoise the encoded image latents.
        vae ([`AutoencoderKL`]):
            Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) Model to encode and decode images to and from latent representations.
        text_encoder ([`PreTrainedModel`]):
            A text encoder model to encode text prompts.
        tokenizer ([`AutoTokenizer`]):
            A tokenizer to tokenize text prompts.
        transformer ([`ZImageTransformer2DModel`]):
            A ZImage transformer model to denoise the encoded image latents.
    """

    model_cpu_offload_seq = "text_encoder->transformer->vae"
    _optional_components = []
    _callback_tensor_inputs = ["latents", "prompt_embeds"]

    def __init__(
        self,
        scheduler: FlowMatchEulerDiscreteScheduler,
        vae: AutoencoderKL,
        text_encoder: PreTrainedModel,
        tokenizer: AutoTokenizer,
        transformer: ZImageTransformer2DModel,
    ):
        super().__init__()

        self.register_modules(
            vae=vae,
            text_encoder=text_encoder,
            tokenizer=tokenizer,
            scheduler=scheduler,
            transformer=transformer,
        )
        self.vae_scale_factor = (
            2 ** (len(self.vae.config.block_out_channels) - 1) if hasattr(self, "vae") and self.vae is not None else 8
        )
        latent_channels = self.vae.config.latent_channels if getattr(self, "vae", None) else 16
        self.image_processor = VaeImageProcessor(vae_scale_factor=self.vae_scale_factor * 2)

        self.mask_processor = VaeImageProcessor(
            vae_scale_factor=self.vae_scale_factor,
            vae_latent_channels=latent_channels,
            do_normalize=False,
            do_binarize=False,
            do_convert_grayscale=True,
        )

    # Copied from diffusers.pipelines.z_image.pipeline_z_image.ZImagePipeline.encode_prompt
    def encode_prompt(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]],
        device: Optional[torch.device] = None,
        do_classifier_free_guidance: bool = True,
        negative_prompt: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None,
        negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        max_sequence_length: int = 512,
    ):
        prompt = [prompt] if isinstance(prompt, str) else prompt
        prompt_embeds = self._encode_prompt(
            prompt=prompt,
            device=device,
            prompt_embeds=prompt_embeds,
            max_sequence_length=max_sequence_length,
        )

        if do_classifier_free_guidance:
            if negative_prompt is None:
                negative_prompt = ["" for _ in prompt]
            else:
                negative_prompt = [negative_prompt] if isinstance(negative_prompt, str) else negative_prompt
            assert len(prompt) == len(negative_prompt)
            negative_prompt_embeds = self._encode_prompt(
                prompt=negative_prompt,
                device=device,
                prompt_embeds=negative_prompt_embeds,
                max_sequence_length=max_sequence_length,
            )
        else:
            negative_prompt_embeds = []
        return prompt_embeds, negative_prompt_embeds

    # Copied from diffusers.pipelines.z_image.pipeline_z_image.ZImagePipeline._encode_prompt
    def _encode_prompt(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]],
        device: Optional[torch.device] = None,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None,
        max_sequence_length: int = 512,
    ) -> List[torch.FloatTensor]:
        device = device or self._execution_device

        if prompt_embeds is not None:
            return prompt_embeds

        if isinstance(prompt, str):
            prompt = [prompt]

        for i, prompt_item in enumerate(prompt):
            messages = [
                {"role": "user", "content": prompt_item},
            ]
            prompt_item = self.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
                messages,
                tokenize=False,
                add_generation_prompt=True,
                enable_thinking=True,
            )
            prompt[i] = prompt_item

        text_inputs = self.tokenizer(
            prompt,
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=max_sequence_length,
            truncation=True,
            return_tensors="pt",
        )

        text_input_ids = text_inputs.input_ids.to(device)
        prompt_masks = text_inputs.attention_mask.to(device).bool()

        prompt_embeds = self.text_encoder(
            input_ids=text_input_ids,
            attention_mask=prompt_masks,
            output_hidden_states=True,
        ).hidden_states[-2]

        embeddings_list = []

        for i in range(len(prompt_embeds)):
            embeddings_list.append(prompt_embeds[i][prompt_masks[i]])

        return embeddings_list

    # Copied from diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion_3.pipeline_stable_diffusion_3_img2img.StableDiffusion3Img2ImgPipeline.get_timesteps
    def get_timesteps(self, num_inference_steps, strength, device):
        # get the original timestep using init_timestep
        init_timestep = min(num_inference_steps * strength, num_inference_steps)

        t_start = int(max(num_inference_steps - init_timestep, 0))
        timesteps = self.scheduler.timesteps[t_start * self.scheduler.order :]
        if hasattr(self.scheduler, "set_begin_index"):
            self.scheduler.set_begin_index(t_start * self.scheduler.order)

        return timesteps, num_inference_steps - t_start

    @staticmethod
    def _prepare_latent_image_ids(batch_size, height, width, device, dtype):
        latent_image_ids = torch.zeros(height // 2, width // 2, 3)
        latent_image_ids[..., 1] = latent_image_ids[..., 1] + torch.arange(height // 2)[:, None]
        latent_image_ids[..., 2] = latent_image_ids[..., 2] + torch.arange(width // 2)[None, :]

        latent_image_id_height, latent_image_id_width, latent_image_id_channels = latent_image_ids.shape

        latent_image_ids = latent_image_ids.reshape(
            latent_image_id_height * latent_image_id_width, latent_image_id_channels
        )

        return latent_image_ids.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)

    def prepare_latents(
        self,
        image,
        timestep,
        batch_size,
        num_channels_latents,
        height,
        width,
        dtype,
        device,
        generator,
        latents=None,
    ):
        height = 2 * (int(height) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))
        width = 2 * (int(width) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))

        shape = (batch_size, num_channels_latents, height, width)
        latent_image_ids = self._prepare_latent_image_ids(batch_size, height, width, device, dtype)

        if latents is not None:
            return latents.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)

        # Encode the input image
        image = image.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)
        if image.shape[1] != num_channels_latents:
            if isinstance(generator, list):
                image_latents = [
                    retrieve_latents(self.vae.encode(image[i : i + 1]), generator=generator[i])
                    for i in range(image.shape[0])
                ]
                image_latents = torch.cat(image_latents, dim=0)
            else:
                image_latents = retrieve_latents(self.vae.encode(image), generator=generator)

            # Apply scaling (inverse of decoding: decode does latents/scaling_factor + shift_factor)
            image_latents = (image_latents - self.vae.config.shift_factor) * self.vae.config.scaling_factor
        else:
            image_latents = image

        # Handle batch size expansion
        if batch_size > image_latents.shape[0] and batch_size % image_latents.shape[0] == 0:
            additional_image_per_prompt = batch_size // image_latents.shape[0]
            image_latents = torch.cat([image_latents] * additional_image_per_prompt, dim=0)
        elif batch_size > image_latents.shape[0] and batch_size % image_latents.shape[0] != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Cannot duplicate `image` of batch size {image_latents.shape[0]} to {batch_size} text prompts."
            )

        # Add noise using flow matching scale_noise
        noise = randn_tensor(shape, generator=generator, device=device, dtype=dtype)
        latents = self.scheduler.scale_noise(image_latents, timestep, noise)

        return latents, noise, image_latents, latent_image_ids

    def prepare_mask_latents(
        self,
        mask,
        masked_image,
        batch_size,
        num_images_per_prompt,
        height,
        width,
        dtype,
        device,
        generator,
    ):
        height = 2 * (int(height) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))
        width = 2 * (int(width) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))
        # resize the mask to latents shape as we concatenate the mask to the latents
        # we do that before converting to dtype to avoid breaking in case we're using cpu_offload
        # and half precision
        mask = torch.nn.functional.interpolate(mask, size=(height, width))
        mask = mask.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)

        batch_size = batch_size * num_images_per_prompt

        masked_image = masked_image.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)

        if masked_image.shape[1] == 16:
            masked_image_latents = masked_image
        else:
            masked_image_latents = retrieve_latents(self.vae.encode(masked_image), generator=generator)

        masked_image_latents = (masked_image_latents - self.vae.config.shift_factor) * self.vae.config.scaling_factor

        # duplicate mask and masked_image_latents for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
        if mask.shape[0] < batch_size:
            if not batch_size % mask.shape[0] == 0:
                raise ValueError(
                    "The passed mask and the required batch size don't match. Masks are supposed to be duplicated to"
                    f" a total batch size of {batch_size}, but {mask.shape[0]} masks were passed. Make sure the number"
                    " of masks that you pass is divisible by the total requested batch size."
                )
            mask = mask.repeat(batch_size // mask.shape[0], 1, 1, 1)
        if masked_image_latents.shape[0] < batch_size:
            if not batch_size % masked_image_latents.shape[0] == 0:
                raise ValueError(
                    "The passed images and the required batch size don't match. Images are supposed to be duplicated"
                    f" to a total batch size of {batch_size}, but {masked_image_latents.shape[0]} images were passed."
                    " Make sure the number of images that you pass is divisible by the total requested batch size."
                )
            masked_image_latents = masked_image_latents.repeat(batch_size // masked_image_latents.shape[0], 1, 1, 1)

        # aligning device to prevent device errors when concating it with the latent model input
        masked_image_latents = masked_image_latents.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)

        return mask, masked_image_latents

    @property
    def guidance_scale(self):
        return self._guidance_scale

    @property
    def do_classifier_free_guidance(self):
        return self._guidance_scale > 1

    @property
    def joint_attention_kwargs(self):
        return self._joint_attention_kwargs

    @property
    def num_timesteps(self):
        return self._num_timesteps

    @property
    def interrupt(self):
        return self._interrupt

    @torch.no_grad()
    @replace_example_docstring(EXAMPLE_DOC_STRING)
    def __call__(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]] = None,
        image: PipelineImageInput = None,
        mask_image: PipelineImageInput = None,
        strength: float = 0.6,
        height: Optional[int] = None,
        width: Optional[int] = None,
        num_inference_steps: int = 50,
        sigmas: Optional[List[float]] = None,
        guidance_scale: float = 5.0,
        cfg_normalization: bool = False,
        cfg_truncation: float = 1.0,
        negative_prompt: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
        num_images_per_prompt: Optional[int] = 1,
        generator: Optional[Union[torch.Generator, List[torch.Generator]]] = None,
        latents: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None,
        negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None,
        output_type: str | None = "pil",
        return_dict: bool = True,
        joint_attention_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        callback_on_step_end: Optional[Callable[[int, int, Dict], None]] = None,
        callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs: List[str] = ["latents"],
        max_sequence_length: int = 512,
    ):
        r"""
        Function invoked when calling the pipeline for image-to-image generation.

        Args:
            prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `prompt_embeds`.
                instead.
            image (`torch.Tensor`, `PIL.Image.Image`, `np.ndarray`, `List[torch.Tensor]`, `List[PIL.Image.Image]`, or `List[np.ndarray]`):
                `Image`, numpy array or tensor representing an image batch to be used as the starting point. For both
                numpy array and pytorch tensor, the expected value range is between `[0, 1]`. If it's a tensor or a
                list of tensors, the expected shape should be `(B, C, H, W)` or `(C, H, W)`. If it is a numpy array or
                a list of arrays, the expected shape should be `(B, H, W, C)` or `(H, W, C)`.
            mask_image (`torch.Tensor`, `PIL.Image.Image`, `np.ndarray`, `List[torch.Tensor]`, `List[PIL.Image.Image]`, or `List[np.ndarray]`):
                `Image`, numpy array or tensor representing an image batch to mask `image`. Black pixels in the mask
                are repainted while white pixels are preserved. If `mask_image` is a PIL image, it is converted to a
                single channel (luminance) before use. If it's a numpy array or pytorch tensor, it should contain one
                color channel (L) instead of 3, so the expected shape for pytorch tensor would be `(B, 1, H, W)`, `(B,
                H, W)`, `(1, H, W)`, `(H, W)`. And for numpy array would be for `(B, H, W, 1)`, `(B, H, W)`, `(H, W,
                1)`, or `(H, W)`.
            strength (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.6):
                Indicates extent to transform the reference `image`. Must be between 0 and 1. `image` is used as a
                starting point and more noise is added the higher the `strength`. The number of denoising steps depends
                on the amount of noise initially added. When `strength` is 1, added noise is maximum and the denoising
                process runs for the full number of iterations specified in `num_inference_steps`. A value of 1
                essentially ignores `image`.
            height (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1024):
                The height in pixels of the generated image. If not provided, uses the input image height.
            width (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1024):
                The width in pixels of the generated image. If not provided, uses the input image width.
            num_inference_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 50):
                The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the
                expense of slower inference.
            sigmas (`List[float]`, *optional*):
                Custom sigmas to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a `sigmas` argument in
                their `set_timesteps` method. If not defined, the default behavior when `num_inference_steps` is passed
                will be used.
            guidance_scale (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 5.0):
                Guidance scale as defined in [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.12598).
                `guidance_scale` is defined as `w` of equation 2. of [Imagen
                Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11487.pdf). Guidance scale is enabled by setting `guidance_scale >
                1`. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text `prompt`,
                usually at the expense of lower image quality.
            cfg_normalization (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to False):
                Whether to apply configuration normalization.
            cfg_truncation (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
                The truncation value for configuration.
            negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass
                `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is
                less than `1`).
            num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                The number of images to generate per prompt.
            generator (`torch.Generator` or `List[torch.Generator]`, *optional*):
                One or a list of [torch generator(s)](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.Generator.html)
                to make generation deterministic.
            latents (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated noisy latents, sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image
                generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents
                tensor will be generated by sampling using the supplied random `generator`.
            prompt_embeds (`List[torch.FloatTensor]`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
                provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
            negative_prompt_embeds (`List[torch.FloatTensor]`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt
                weighting. If not provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from `negative_prompt` input
                argument.
            output_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"pil"`):
                The output format of the generate image. Choose between
                [PIL](https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/): `PIL.Image.Image` or `np.array`.
            return_dict (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                Whether or not to return a [`~pipelines.stable_diffusion.ZImagePipelineOutput`] instead of a plain
                tuple.
            joint_attention_kwargs (`dict`, *optional*):
                A kwargs dictionary that if specified is passed along to the `AttentionProcessor` as defined under
                `self.processor` in
                [diffusers.models.attention_processor](https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers/blob/main/src/diffusers/models/attention_processor.py).
            callback_on_step_end (`Callable`, *optional*):
                A function that calls at the end of each denoising steps during the inference. The function is called
                with the following arguments: `callback_on_step_end(self: DiffusionPipeline, step: int, timestep: int,
                callback_kwargs: Dict)`. `callback_kwargs` will include a list of all tensors as specified by
                `callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs`.
            callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs (`List`, *optional*):
                The list of tensor inputs for the `callback_on_step_end` function. The tensors specified in the list
                will be passed as `callback_kwargs` argument. You will only be able to include variables listed in the
                `._callback_tensor_inputs` attribute of your pipeline class.
            max_sequence_length (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
                Maximum sequence length to use with the `prompt`.

        Examples:

        Returns:
            [`~pipelines.z_image.ZImagePipelineOutput`] or `tuple`: [`~pipelines.z_image.ZImagePipelineOutput`] if
            `return_dict` is True, otherwise a `tuple`. When returning a tuple, the first element is a list with the
            generated images.
        """
        # 1. Check inputs and validate strength
        if strength < 0 or strength > 1:
            raise ValueError(f"The value of strength should be in [0.0, 1.0] but is {strength}")

        # 2. Preprocess image
        init_image = self.image_processor.preprocess(image)
        init_image = init_image.to(dtype=torch.float32)

        # Get dimensions from the preprocessed image if not specified
        if height is None:
            height = init_image.shape[-2]
        if width is None:
            width = init_image.shape[-1]

        vae_scale = self.vae_scale_factor * 2
        if height % vae_scale != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Height must be divisible by {vae_scale} (got {height}). "
                f"Please adjust the height to a multiple of {vae_scale}."
            )
        if width % vae_scale != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Width must be divisible by {vae_scale} (got {width}). "
                f"Please adjust the width to a multiple of {vae_scale}."
            )

        device = self._execution_device

        self._guidance_scale = guidance_scale
        self._joint_attention_kwargs = joint_attention_kwargs
        self._interrupt = False
        self._cfg_normalization = cfg_normalization
        self._cfg_truncation = cfg_truncation

        # 3. Define call parameters
        if prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, str):
            batch_size = 1
        elif prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, list):
            batch_size = len(prompt)
        else:
            batch_size = len(prompt_embeds)

        # If prompt_embeds is provided and prompt is None, skip encoding
        if prompt_embeds is not None and prompt is None:
            if self.do_classifier_free_guidance and negative_prompt_embeds is None:
                raise ValueError(
                    "When `prompt_embeds` is provided without `prompt`, "
                    "`negative_prompt_embeds` must also be provided for classifier-free guidance."
                )
        else:
            (
                prompt_embeds,
                negative_prompt_embeds,
            ) = self.encode_prompt(
                prompt=prompt,
                negative_prompt=negative_prompt,
                do_classifier_free_guidance=self.do_classifier_free_guidance,
                prompt_embeds=prompt_embeds,
                negative_prompt_embeds=negative_prompt_embeds,
                device=device,
                max_sequence_length=max_sequence_length,
            )

        # 4. Prepare latent variables
        num_channels_latents = self.transformer.in_channels

        # Repeat prompt_embeds for num_images_per_prompt
        if num_images_per_prompt > 1:
            prompt_embeds = [pe for pe in prompt_embeds for _ in range(num_images_per_prompt)]
            if self.do_classifier_free_guidance and negative_prompt_embeds:
                negative_prompt_embeds = [npe for npe in negative_prompt_embeds for _ in range(num_images_per_prompt)]

        actual_batch_size = batch_size * num_images_per_prompt

        # Calculate latent dimensions for image_seq_len
        latent_height = 2 * (int(height) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))
        latent_width = 2 * (int(width) // (self.vae_scale_factor * 2))
        image_seq_len = (latent_height // 2) * (latent_width // 2)

        # 5. Prepare timesteps
        mu = calculate_shift(
            image_seq_len,
            self.scheduler.config.get("base_image_seq_len", 256),
            self.scheduler.config.get("max_image_seq_len", 4096),
            self.scheduler.config.get("base_shift", 0.5),
            self.scheduler.config.get("max_shift", 1.15),
        )
        self.scheduler.sigma_min = 0.0
        scheduler_kwargs = {"mu": mu}
        timesteps, num_inference_steps = retrieve_timesteps(
            self.scheduler,
            num_inference_steps,
            device,
            sigmas=sigmas,
            **scheduler_kwargs,
        )

        # 6. Adjust timesteps based on strength
        timesteps, num_inference_steps = self.get_timesteps(num_inference_steps, strength, device)
        if num_inference_steps < 1:
            raise ValueError(
                f"After adjusting the num_inference_steps by strength parameter: {strength}, the number of pipeline "
                f"steps is {num_inference_steps} which is < 1 and not appropriate for this pipeline."
            )
        latent_timestep = timesteps[:1].repeat(actual_batch_size)

        # 7. Prepare latents from image
        latents, noise, original_image_latents, latent_image_ids = self.prepare_latents(
            init_image,
            latent_timestep,
            actual_batch_size,
            num_channels_latents,
            height,
            width,
            prompt_embeds[0].dtype,
            device,
            generator,
            latents,
        )
        resize_mode = "default"
        crops_coords = None

        # start diff diff preparation
        original_mask = self.mask_processor.preprocess(
            mask_image, height=height, width=width, resize_mode=resize_mode, crops_coords=crops_coords
        )

        masked_image = init_image * original_mask
        original_mask, _ = self.prepare_mask_latents(
            original_mask,
            masked_image,
            batch_size,
            num_images_per_prompt,
            height,
            width,
            prompt_embeds[0].dtype,
            device,
            generator,
        )
        mask_thresholds = torch.arange(num_inference_steps, dtype=original_mask.dtype) / num_inference_steps
        mask_thresholds = mask_thresholds.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1).to(device)
        masks = original_mask > mask_thresholds
        # end diff diff preparation

        num_warmup_steps = max(len(timesteps) - num_inference_steps * self.scheduler.order, 0)
        self._num_timesteps = len(timesteps)

        # 8. Denoising loop
        with self.progress_bar(total=num_inference_steps) as progress_bar:
            for i, t in enumerate(timesteps):
                if self.interrupt:
                    continue

                # broadcast to batch dimension in a way that's compatible with ONNX/Core ML
                timestep = t.expand(latents.shape[0])
                timestep = (1000 - timestep) / 1000
                # Normalized time for time-aware config (0 at start, 1 at end)
                t_norm = timestep[0].item()

                # Handle cfg truncation
                current_guidance_scale = self.guidance_scale
                if (
                    self.do_classifier_free_guidance
                    and self._cfg_truncation is not None
                    and float(self._cfg_truncation) <= 1
                ):
                    if t_norm > self._cfg_truncation:
                        current_guidance_scale = 0.0

                # Run CFG only if configured AND scale is non-zero
                apply_cfg = self.do_classifier_free_guidance and current_guidance_scale > 0

                if apply_cfg:
                    latents_typed = latents.to(self.transformer.dtype)
                    latent_model_input = latents_typed.repeat(2, 1, 1, 1)
                    prompt_embeds_model_input = prompt_embeds + negative_prompt_embeds
                    timestep_model_input = timestep.repeat(2)
                else:
                    latent_model_input = latents.to(self.transformer.dtype)
                    prompt_embeds_model_input = prompt_embeds
                    timestep_model_input = timestep

                latent_model_input = latent_model_input.unsqueeze(2)
                latent_model_input_list = list(latent_model_input.unbind(dim=0))

                model_out_list = self.transformer(
                    latent_model_input_list,
                    timestep_model_input,
                    prompt_embeds_model_input,
                )[0]

                if apply_cfg:
                    # Perform CFG
                    pos_out = model_out_list[:actual_batch_size]
                    neg_out = model_out_list[actual_batch_size:]

                    noise_pred = []
                    for j in range(actual_batch_size):
                        pos = pos_out[j].float()
                        neg = neg_out[j].float()

                        pred = pos + current_guidance_scale * (pos - neg)

                        # Renormalization
                        if self._cfg_normalization and float(self._cfg_normalization) > 0.0:
                            ori_pos_norm = torch.linalg.vector_norm(pos)
                            new_pos_norm = torch.linalg.vector_norm(pred)
                            max_new_norm = ori_pos_norm * float(self._cfg_normalization)
                            if new_pos_norm > max_new_norm:
                                pred = pred * (max_new_norm / new_pos_norm)

                        noise_pred.append(pred)

                    noise_pred = torch.stack(noise_pred, dim=0)
                else:
                    noise_pred = torch.stack([t.float() for t in model_out_list], dim=0)

                noise_pred = noise_pred.squeeze(2)
                noise_pred = -noise_pred

                # compute the previous noisy sample x_t -> x_t-1
                latents = self.scheduler.step(noise_pred.to(torch.float32), t, latents, return_dict=False)[0]
                assert latents.dtype == torch.float32

                # start diff diff
                image_latent = original_image_latents
                latents_dtype = latents.dtype
                if i < len(timesteps) - 1:
                    noise_timestep = timesteps[i + 1]
                    image_latent = self.scheduler.scale_noise(
                        original_image_latents, torch.tensor([noise_timestep]), noise
                    )

                    mask = masks[i].to(latents_dtype)
                    latents = image_latent * mask + latents * (1 - mask)
                # end diff diff

                if latents.dtype != latents_dtype:
                    if torch.backends.mps.is_available():
                        # some platforms (eg. apple mps) misbehave due to a pytorch bug: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/99272
                        latents = latents.to(latents_dtype)

                if callback_on_step_end is not None:
                    callback_kwargs = {}
                    for k in callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs:
                        callback_kwargs[k] = locals()[k]
                    callback_outputs = callback_on_step_end(self, i, t, callback_kwargs)

                    latents = callback_outputs.pop("latents", latents)
                    prompt_embeds = callback_outputs.pop("prompt_embeds", prompt_embeds)
                    negative_prompt_embeds = callback_outputs.pop("negative_prompt_embeds", negative_prompt_embeds)

                # call the callback, if provided
                if i == len(timesteps) - 1 or ((i + 1) > num_warmup_steps and (i + 1) % self.scheduler.order == 0):
                    progress_bar.update()

        if output_type == "latent":
            image = latents

        else:
            latents = latents.to(self.vae.dtype)
            latents = (latents / self.vae.config.scaling_factor) + self.vae.config.shift_factor

            image = self.vae.decode(latents, return_dict=False)[0]
            image = self.image_processor.postprocess(image, output_type=output_type)

        # Offload all models
        self.maybe_free_model_hooks()

        if not return_dict:
            return (image,)

        return ZImagePipelineOutput(images=image)
